More information on multiple sclerosis

• May 6, 2024

Multiple sclerosis, or also known as EM , is a disease that affects the central nervous system, which is formed by the brain and spinal cord. With MS, this system begins to degenerate.

In MS, myelin, which is the protection and isolation for the underlying nerves, is damaged. Since it is responsible for the correct transmission and conduction of nerve impulses, any form of damage affects the nervous system, which does not control the body. The inflammation associated with MS would cause the disappearance of myelin, leaving nerve fibers uncovered and unprotected.

The nerves are damaged because of this condition that interferes with normal functions controlled by the nervous system, such as walking, memory, vision, speech and writing.

The immune system against your own body

The body's immune system acts as the body's defense against foreign and harmful substances. If there is any aggressor in between, act immediately, identifying the enemy and attacking the invader until it weakens or destroys him.

This response depends on the correct communication between the immune cells and the production of new cells against the foreign substance.

After the myelin is damaged, part of the nerves can be repaired, but most disappear once they are stripped of their myelin sheath. The scar tissue and particles are deposited directly on the scars formed and finally, these will lead to the formation of plaques.

What is the influence of genetics?

The role of genetics is not very clear when it comes to multiple sclerosis. Reports have determined that Eskimos, European Gypsies and Bantus in Africa do not develop the disease. On the other hand, the Japanese, the Asians and the native Indians of North and South America do have multiple sclerosis, but with a low incidence.

The possibility that the general population develops multiple sclerosis is only 1%. However, for those who have family members with the disease, the possibility increases, especially if it is a first-degree relative.

A first-degree relative such as parents or siblings, also has from one to 3% of having this debilitating disorder. But with the twins, things get harder. An identical twin has a 30% chance of suffering from the disease, while the non-identical twin has only four percent.

Video Medicine: OhioHealth Multiple Sclerosis Lecture - MS Medication Options (May 2024).